Presentation on the topic of the Bible. Presentation for the OPK lesson for primary grades on the topic "Bible and Gospel"

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New Testament

The second part of the Christian Bible is the New Testament, a collection of 27 Christian books (including 4 Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles, the Epistles of the Apostles and the book of the Revelation of John the Theologian (Apocalypse), written in the 1st century AD and extant in ancient Greek. This part of the Bible is most important for Christianity, while Judaism does not consider it divinely inspired.

The New Testament consists of books belonging to eight inspired writers: Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Peter, Paul, James and Jude.

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The Bible has 1189 chapters and the average person can read it in 80-100 hours. If you read 4 chapters a day, you can read the Bible in a year.

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Bible translations

According to the German Biblical Society (2005), the Bible has been fully or partially translated into 2,377 languages ​​of the world, and fully published in 422 languages.

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In the 9th century, the Bible was translated into a language understandable to the Eastern Slavs. The translation was undertaken by the missionary brothers Cyril and Methodius - “the first Slavic teachers and educators.” Their native language could conceivably be a variant of the Old Bulgarian language spoken in their native Thessaloniki; They received Greek upbringing and education.

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The translation of the Bible into the Slavic language was carried out by Cyril and Methodius using the Slavic alphabet they compiled - the Glagolitic alphabet; Later, the Cyrillic alphabet was created based on the Greek alphabet.

Who wrote the Bible? The Bible was created by about 40 different authors who wrote in different languages ​​(Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek) and lived on three continents (Europe, Asia and Africa). It has already been proven that most of them did not know and never saw, and often did not suspect, each other’s existence. Moreover, they lived in different times, separating them sometimes for centuries, and sometimes for millennia. So, the Bible was written over approximately 60 generations.

When was the Bible written? The latest text of the Bible was written about 1900 years ago, the oldest is about 4000 years old. The originals of none of the ancient texts have survived - only lists! Researchers note. That all these lists coincide with one another at the level of copyist errors that do not affect the meaning of the text. It has been established that we have fragments of lists made during the lifetime of those who personally knew the authors of the New Testament!

Old Testament. The Old Testament consists of 39 books, which in the Jewish tradition are artificially counted as 22, according to the number of letters of the Hebrew alphabet, or as 24, according to the number of letters of the Greek alphabet. All 39 books of the Old Testament are divided into three sections in Judaism. The "Teaching" (Torah) contains the Pentateuch of Moses. "Prophets". "Scriptures".

New Testament. The second part of the Christian Bible is the New Testament, a collection of 27 Christian books written in the 1st century. n. e. and which have come down to us in ancient Greek. This part of the Bible is the most important for Christianity. The New Testament consists of books belonging to eight inspired writers: Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Peter, Paul, James and Jude.

In the 9th century, the Bible was translated into a language understandable to the Eastern Slavs. The translation was undertaken by the missionary brothers Cyril and Methodius, “the first Slavic teachers and educators.” Their native language could conceivably be a variant of the Old Bulgarian language spoken in their native Thessaloniki; They received Greek upbringing and education.

Today the Bible is the most popular book in the world, with the largest circulation. The Bible has been translated, in part or in full, into more than 2,400 languages ​​and is available in the native languages ​​of more than 90% of the world's population. It is estimated that more than 60 million copies of the Bible are distributed throughout the world each year.

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The purpose of the lesson: development of primary ideas about Christianity.

Lesson objectives:

• Introduction to the composition and content of the Bible;
• Introduction to the history of Christianity in Rus':
• Mastering the concepts of the Bible, Old Testament, New Testament, Gospel, evangelist, apostle.
• Development of ideas and deepening of knowledge about the traditions of Orthodox Christianity: about Orthodoxy as a culture-forming religion for Russia:
• Fostering respect for cultural values, religious shrines, and religious texts:
• Improving communication skills, the ability to build effective communication.
• Improving skills in reading and reading comprehension, answering educational questions of various types, constructing a coherent statement;
• Enrichment of vocabulary and formation of erudition:
• Developing interest in studying the subject.

Equipment and visual aids: Bible, reproductions with images of the apostles and evangelists, presentation, tablets with key words, textbook Fundamentals of World Religious Cultures by R.B. Amirov. O.V. Voskresensky. T.M. Gorbachev. BOO. Kitinov and others. workbook, pieces of paper.

During the classes

Updating knowledge.

We check readiness for the lesson. You should have on your desk: a textbook, a notebook, a pencil case and a diary.

Organizing the design of an exhibition of crafts given at home (Heart Pinwheel “How People Express Their Love”). In the last lesson, we read about the expulsion of Adam and Eve from paradise.

– What else did we talk about in class?

– Tell us how the Bible explains the appearance of suffering, misfortune and death in people’s lives?

– What was your homework?

Let's express our love and give our crafts to our guests.

Formulation of the problem.

In the last lesson, we often talked about the word Bible.

– Who knows what it means?

If you turn to the explanatory dictionary, then in translation from the ancient Greek language it is translated as “Book”. In the Christian tradition, a collection of sacred people recorded through people chosen by God: prophets and apostles. Today we will talk about this book. Open your notebooks and write down the topic of the lesson.

And write down the first concept - the Bible. (A card with this word appears on the board)

Solving the problem and applying the acquired knowledge.

Many of you are familiar with this book (showing the Bible).

– Nastya will tell us what parts the Bible consists of.

As the story progresses, cards with concepts are hung on the board: Old Testament, New Testament, Gospel.

– What did we learn from Nastya’s story? (That the Bible consists of three parts: the Old Testament, the New Testament and the Gospel).

The word “covenant” in their name means a union: the old - concluded by God with the chosen (Jewish) people: the new with all humanity who have accepted faith in Christ.

The Old Testament includes books written in pre-Christian times in Hebrew and describing the time of waiting for the coming of Christ (we write this concept in a notebook).

The New Testament tells about the life, teachings, and works of Jesus Christ. The books of the New Testament are usually divided into legal ones, which set out the basis of the entire Christian faith; historical - the Acts of the Apostles and the historical depiction of the life of Jesus Christ (let's write this concept in a notebook).

Gospel - books of the New Testament, which contain a description of the life, teaching, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The Gospel is like four books named after the authors-compilers: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.

Among the 27 books of the New Testament, the Gospels are considered law-giving. This name shows that the Gospels have the same meaning for Christians as the Law of Moses - the Pentateuch - had for Jews.

The word “Gospel” in modern language has two meanings: the Christian gospel of the coming of the Kingdom of God and the salvation of the human race from sin and death, and a book presenting this message in the form of a narrative about the incarnation, earthly life, saving suffering, death on the cross and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Initially, in the Greek language of the classical period, the word “gospel” had the meaning of “reward (reward) for the good news,” “thanksgiving sacrifice for the good news.”

Later, the good news itself began to be called that. Further, the word “gospel” acquired a religious meaning. In the New Testament it began to be used in a specific sense. In several places, the “gospel” refers to the preaching of Jesus Christ himself (Matt. 4:23: Mark 1:14-15), but most often the “gospel” is the Christian proclamation, the message of salvation in Christ and the sermon about this message, ( Let's write this concept down in a notebook).

Let's turn to the textbook article. Angelina, read us the first two sentences from this article, page 97.

– What else have we learned about the Bible? (It consists of 77 books. They were written by different authors).

– Do you think a large number of authors could write one book?

Phys. Pause.

Let's test this hypothesis. Take a piece of paper on your desk and write one sentence about the weather outside the window. Then stand up and give this piece of paper to me. (The teacher collects pieces of paper and reads sentence by sentence, and the students listen to what came out of it)

– Did it turn out to be a single story? (No).

– What conclusion can be drawn from this?

In order to write a story, or even more so a book, you need one author or the collaboration of several authors. And to make a good, interesting book, you need a good author. But there is a book that was written by more than 40 authors (I show the Bible), who could not agree among themselves because they lived in different times and different countries, but the book is a single whole, although it was written over 1500 years. The writers of the Bible only conveyed what God told them. The people to whom God dictated his thoughts were completely different. These were:

Reproductions are hung around the classroom; as they are listed, they turn to the image and change their pose.

1. Kings – David and Solomon;
2. Doctor - Luka;
3. Theologian – Paul and Ezra;

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1. Statesmen - Moses, Daniel;
2. Fisherman - Peter;
3. Musician – Asaf;
4. Prophets - Jeremiah, Joel, Obadiah.

– Do you remember which book was the very first published in Russia? (Gospel)

– Who printed it? (Cyril and Methodius)

Open your textbooks to page 97 and see what they looked like. This is what the first printed book looked like.

– Find in the text of the article what else did these people do for Russia? (created an alphabet). That is why in many cities there are monuments to Cyril and Methodius.

Phys. Min.

Let us also play the role of sculptors. Stand at your seats and act as if you are making a monument to Cyril and Methodius. Sit down.

Reflection and evaluation.

– Remember what parts the Bible consists of? (Old Testament, New Testament and Gospel).

We have already become acquainted with the Old Testament in previous lessons.

– But who wrote down the New Testament?

Let's turn to the textbook, page 99, the article by R. Pasha reads it aloud to us. (As I read, I attach 2 more cards to those already hanging - evangelists and apostles).

Evangelists are people who wrote down the Gospel.

- Who are these people? (Matthew, Mark, Luke and John).

And the postols are the first disciples of Jesus Christ, translated from Greek as messenger.

– How many disciples did Jesus Christ have? (12).

On page 98 of the textbook, look at the reproduction of a Byzantine icon. On it you can see all 12 apostles. From previous lessons, you and I know that Rus' was a pagan state. A textbook article on page 99 will help us learn about the history of the adoption of Orthodoxy in Rus'.

(chain reading).

– In what year did they adopt Orthodoxy in Rus'? (988)

– On whose initiative was Orthodoxy adopted? (Kyiv Prince Vladimir)

– Tell me what you learned about the Bible?

– What does the Old Testament say?

- And in Novy?

– Who are the evangelists and apostles?

– Explain what the word “Orthodoxy” means?

Well done, you did a good job in the lesson. We will talk about Orthodoxy in more detail in the next lesson.

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